planetary migration
(change in planet's orbit)
Planetary migration is a change in a planet's orbit,
either smooth migration from interaction with a
protoplanetary disk (planet-disk interaction,
gas disk migration or just disk migration) or planetesimals,
or violent migration, due to close encounters or collisions
of planets (planet-planet scattering).
The former is classified
by underlying mechanism as follows:
- Type I migration is due to torque created by interaction with spiral density waves the planet creates in a disk. Planets of terrestrial mass can be moved this way. Timescale is on the order of 100 million years to migrate from 1 AU into the star so it is almost too efficient, e.g., it seems like it could undercut theories of planet formation since it would seem to destroy Earth and analogous planets on formation.
- Type II migration is due to interaction with material filling a disk gap formed by the planet. Planets with more than 10 Earth masses can move this way and it is a way a hot Jupiter can be positioned.
- Type III migration is due to interaction with large-scale vortices within the disk.
Planet-planet scattering (gravitational scattering)
seems necessary to explain some observed orbital inclinations,
which include misalignment between planetary orbits
and stellar rotation, and even retrograde orbits.
Smaller inclinations might be ascribed to a tilt of the star or a tilt
of the disk by some unknown means.
In simulations, planet scattering has produced larger inclinations,
and even coplanar flips leading to retrograde orbits.
(planets,planet formation,migration)
Further reading:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_migration
http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Planetary_formation_and_migration
https://irsa.ipac.caltech.edu/data/SPITZER/docs/spitzermission/reportsandproceedings/meetings/spitzer2009/pres/Spitzer09_raymond.pdf
https://blogs.iu.edu/sciu/2018/10/16/planetary-migration/
Referenced by pages:
baroclinicity
corotation resonance
corotation torque
dead zone
equilibrium condensation model
free-floating planet (FFP)
grand tack hypothesis
HERMIT
hot Jupiter (HJ)
late heavy bombardment (LHB)
lava planet
Lindblad resonance
Lindblad torque
magnetorotational instability (MRI)
Nice model
planet formation
planetary science
radiation pressure
solar system
tidal migration
Index