Ulysses

Ulysses (aka International Solar Polar Mission, ISPM) was an ESA-NASA space probe aiming to observe the Sun from directions off the ecliptic, i.e., at high solar latitudes. It was launched in 1990 and used a Jupiter gravity assist to place it in an orbit ranging from 1.35 to 5.4 AU with an orbital inclination of around 80°, observing until 2009. Over its lifetime, it passed close to Jupiter again as well as some comets, yielding some fortuitous observation. Instruments:

• COSPIN - Cosmic Ray and Particle Investigation.
• EPAC - Energetic Particle Composition Experiment.
• HI-SCALE - Heliosphere Instrument for Spectra, Composition and Anisotropy at Low Energies.
• DUST - Interplanetary Dust Instrument.
• IGAS aka GAS - Interstellar Neutral Gas Experiment.
• MAG (consisting of VHM and FGM) - Magnetic Field Investigation: Fluxgate Magnetometer and Vector Helium Magnetometer.
• GRB - Solar Flare X-ray and Cosmic Gamma-ray Burst Experiment.
• SWICS - Solar Wind Ion Composition Spectrometer.
• SWOOPS - Solar Wind Observations Over the Poles of the Sun.
• URAP - Unified Radio and Plasma Wave Experiment.

Two radio science experiments were carried out:

• GWE - Gravitational wave Experiment.
• SCE - Solar Corona Experiment.