aperture
(opening through which light passes)
An aperture is an opening,
the term being used to describe the light-collecting opening
of a telescope, and also used analogously for radio telescopes
and telescopes for other parts of the electromagnetic spectrum.
An aperture's size (width) is generally listed as a diameter, e.g.,
in meters, which presumes it is circular, which is generally but
not always the case; a distance-measurement termed a telescope's
aperture is this diameter. This width affects
the telescope's angular resolution, due to diffraction,
while the aperture's area corresponds to the telescope's light-collecting
ability, i.e., how dim an object it can discern and how long it
takes doing so. If a telescope's aperture is not circular, an
equivalent aperture may be cited, generally that of a circle with
the same area, but for an interferometer-array of telescopes,
its longest baseline may be cited as an equivalent aperture,
to suggest the width of a single telescope's aperture that would
achieve the same angular resolution as the interferometer.
The current technique of apodization consists of deliberately
reducing and/or reshaping the aperture (changing a width along some
direction) in order to change the resulting diffraction patterns
and tease out detail that the particular diffraction by a circular
aperture hides.
(EMR,visible light,telescopes)
Further reading:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture
https://astronomy.swin.edu.au/cosmos/A/Aperture
https://dictionary.obspm.fr/index.php?showAll=1&formSearchTextfield=aperture
Referenced by pages:
Airy disk
angular resolution
aperture masking interferometry (AMI)
aperture photometry
aperture synthesis
apodization
Arecibo Observatory (NAIC)
BLAST
Cassini
Chinese Pulsar Timing Array (CPTA)
collecting area
Colossus Telescope
confusion limit
diffraction
Dragonfly Telephoto Array
equatorial mount
etendue (AΩ)
European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope (ESO VLT)
EXCLAIM
extremely large telescope (ELT)
FAST
Fast Fourier Transform Telescope
focal length
Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC)
HATNet
Herschelian telescope
high-resolution imaging
illumination
KELT
Las Campanas Observatory (LCO)
Las Cumbres Observatory (LCO)
Livermore Optical Transient Imaging System (LOTIS)
LUVOIR
Lyot coronagraph (CLC)
Lyot stop
Mount Wilson Observatory (MWO)
NEOSSat
NGTS
Origins Space Telescope (OST)
Orion space telescopes
OVRO-LWA
phased array
plate scale
point source
point-spread function (PSF)
QUaD
refracting telescope
Schmidt camera
Schmidt-Newton telescope (SNT)
seeing
Simons Observatory (SO)
software telescope
solar telescope
speckle suppression
spectroscopy
SPICA
SPIDER
Spitzer Space Telescope (SST)
Strehl ratio
synthetic aperture radar (SAR)
telescope
TRAPPIST
twinkling
wavefront sensor (WFS)
Index